Solution manual for basic principles and calculations in chemical engineering

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You have successfully signed out and will be required to sign back in should you need to download more resources. Indicate multiplication and division using units as seen below. Note: Use vertical and horizontal rules as necessary. Use a solid line across the page between the vertical rules on the engineering paper to demark the end of a part of a problem with multiple parts. Denote the end of the entire problem by a line across the page from the left hand rule to the far right edge of the paper.

Always show the units of your answer, underline the numbers and units, and draw an arrow from the right edge of the paper to the answer so that the answer is easy to pick out on the page thus. On each submission place your class number, the date, the assignment number, your name, and the page numbering at the top of each and every page, even if you staple the pages together, thus What are the units of D?

How much kinetic energy does the pallet have in ft lbf at this velocity? Show all units. A student claims that the pressure in the tank is 1. Can 1. Explain and show calculations to back up your explanation. Right answer but:. To determine accurately how much effluent enters the river is quite difficult because to catch and weigh the material is impossible, weirs are hard to construct, etc.

One suggestion which had been offered is to add a trace Br— ion to a given sewage stream, let it mix well, and sample the sewage stream after it mixes well. On one test of the proposal you add ten pounds of NaBr per hour for 24 hours to a sewage stream with essentially no Br— in it. Somewhat downstream of the introduction point a sampling of the sewage stream shows 0.

The sewage density is How much of Tanks 1, 2, and 3 must be mixed to give a product with composition of Tank4? They used wrong basis, etc. Exam No. Analysis of the stack gas gives an Orsat analysis of Calculate the fraction of the total carbon burned that comes from the product gas.

One thousand pounds of the reformate stream and pounds of sulfur dioxide are fed to the system per hour. The benzene product stream the extract contains 0. The raffinate stream contains all the initially charged non-benzene material as well as 0. The remaining component in the raffinate stream is the sulfur dioxide.

Reactant A is polymerized as shown in the figure. It is mixed with fresh catalyst and recycled catalyst. Fresh catalyst G enters at the rate of 0. Determine the ratio of stream R to G. Note: catalyst does not react in the process! The replacement liquid is at the temperature of the liquid inside the evaporator. Computer: a. Bonus of 5 points for correct answer to the question: What is the total heat gained or lost by the entire system?

What is the fraction vapor at the end of the hour? Assume all the energy from the motor enters the tank. For this problem you do not have to get a numerical solution. Instead list the following in this order: 1. State what the system you select is. Specify open or closed. Draw a picture. Put all the known or calculated data on the picture in the proper place. Write down the energy balance use the symbols in the text and simplify it as much as possible.

List each assumption in so doing. Calculate W. Lists the equations with data introduced that you would use to solve the problem. Explain step by step how to solve the problem but do not do so.

Compute your answer by two ways: 1 Use the tables of the combustion gases. Heat and thermal energy are synonymous terms used to express one type of energy. You can find the enthalpy change at constant pressure of a Substance such as CO2 from the solid to the gaseous state by integrating T2. The enthalpy change of a substance can never be negative.

Heat and work are the only methods of energy transfer in a non-flow process. Instead list the following in this order. Note: always put a zero before the decimal point for a number less than unity. Indicate multiplication and division using units as seen below. Note: Use vertical and horizontal rules as necessary. Use a solid line across the page between the vertical rules on the engineering paper to demark the end of a part of a problem with multiple parts.

Denote the end of the entire problem by a line across the page from the left hand rule to the far right edge of the paper. Always show the units of your answer, underline the numbers and units, and draw an arrow from the right edge of the paper to the answer so that the answer is easy to pick out on the page thus 8.

Indicate a new problem by placing the problem number in the left hand margin. On each submission place your class number, the date, the assignment number, your name, and the page numbering at the top of each and every page, even if you staple the pages together, thus Sept. Study: 1. First Class meeting. No assignments due 2. No class meeting. Exam No. Study: Review for Exam No. Chapters 4—5 Chapters 6—7 How much kinetic energy does the pallet have in ft lbf at this velocity?

Show all units. A student claims that the pressure in the tank is 1. Can 1. Explain and show calculations to back up your explanation. To determine accurately how much effluent enters the river is quite difficult because to catch and weigh the material is impossible, weirs are hard to construct, etc. One suggestion which had been offered is to add a trace Br— ion to a given sewage stream, let it mix well, and sample the sewage stream after it mixes well.

On one test of the proposal you add ten pounds of NaBr per hour for 24 hours to a sewage stream with essentially no Br— in it. Somewhat downstream of the introduction point a sampling of the sewage stream shows 0. The sewage density is Analysis of the stack gas gives an Orsat analysis of Calculate the fraction of the total carbon burned that comes from the product gas. One thousand pounds of the reformate stream and pounds of sulfur dioxide are fed to the system per hour.

The benzene product stream the extract contains 0. The raffinate stream contains all the initially charged non-benzene material as well as 0. The remaining component in the raffinate stream is the sulfur dioxide.

It is mixed with fresh catalyst and recycled catalyst. Fresh catalyst G enters at the rate of 0. Determine the ratio of stream R to G. Note: catalyst does not react in the process! The replacement liquid is at the temperature of the liquid inside the evaporator.

Computer: a the work in Btu needed for compression per pound of H2O going through the compressor. What is the fraction vapor at the end of the hour? Assume all the energy from the motor enters the tank. For this problem you do not have to get a numerical solution.

Instead list the following in this order: 1. State what the system you select is. Specify open or closed. Draw a picture.

Put all the known or calculated data on the picture in the proper place. Write down the energy balance use the symbols in the text and simplify it as much as possible. List each assumption in so doing. Calculate W. Lists the equations with data introduced that you would use to solve the problem. Explain step by step how to solve the problem but do not do so. Compute your answer by two ways: 1 Use the tables of the combustion gases.

Instead list the following in this order. Put all the known or calculated data on the picture in the proper places. Write down the material and energy balances use the symbols in the text and simplify them as much as possible, list each assumption in so doing. Insert the known data into the simplified equation s you would use to solve the problem.

Does the addition of an inert dilutent to the reactants entering an exothermic process increase, decrease, or make no change in the heat transfer to or from the process? If the reaction in a process is incomplete, what is the effect on the value of the standard heat of reaction?

Does it go up, down, or remain the same? How many properties are needed to fix the state of a gas so that all of the other properties can be determined? List each step. You can cite some of the steps listed in Problem 5 if you list them by number in Problem 5.

What is the volume in ft3 of the flue gas leaving the furnace per pound of carbon burned? What is the volume of air in ft3 entering the furnace per pound of C burned? Calculate the pressure in the cylinder in atmosphere: a. Assuming N2 to be an ideal gas. Assuming N2 is a real gas and using compressibility factors. Because of equipment degradation, unburned FeS2 exits from the process. In one hour kg of pyrites are fed to the process, and kg of Fe2O3 are produced.

What is the heat added or removed from the process? How would you calculate the volume of the gas under these conditions that is equivalent to 0. Select one equation other than van der Waal's equation, and list it on your solution page. Give a list of steps to complete the calculations. Include all the proper equations, and include a list of data involved, but you do not have to obtain a solution for the volume.

Hg absolute passes through a small blower and is bubbled up through water so that the air leaving the water is saturated. H2O greater than atmospheric pressure. The bottle is weighted after the air is blown for 2 hours, 13 minutes, 47 seconds, and the decrease in weight was found to be 8. What was the hourly rate of flow of air at ambient conditions in ft3? The dew point of the mixture is The vapor pressure of acetone at What is the partial pressure of acetone vapor in the original mixture, in kPa?

How many kg moles of acetone does the original mixture contain? If the nitrogen-acetone mixture is cooled with the volume remaining at 2.

This sludge is first centrifuged, and 0. The sludge is dried further using air so that the final product contains 10 percent by weight water. The air for drying is heated, passed into an oven drier, and vented back into the atmosphere. Basis: Basis: 6. The weight is the force used to support the mass. Since the exponent of e must be dimensionless C is in atm-1 1.

The net units are the same on both sides of the equation. Let MW is the molecular weight of the compound. If g is replaced with g, the units would be correct. Because has only 4 significant figures to the left of an implied decimal point, the answer should be no decimal point. Use 4. For absolute error, the product 1. Mass of solution: 1. CO2 20 44 0. Bases are first entries. P conc. Eutrophication will not be reduced. So, there is no need to worry about an oxygen deficit at present.

No, if the scale is absolute, but read J. Wisniak, J. Insufficient height. Hg The pressure at the top of Pikes Peak is continually changing. Alternate solution: 0. The reason for this discrepancy could be faulty flow sensor readings or possibly a leak of the condensate or steam into the process stream.

Basis: 62 kg silicon The system is the melt, and there is no generation or consumption. The balance is satisfied NaC1 balance: 0. The closure is good for industrial practice. Propylene balance: 0. No accumulation, generation, or consumption occur. The problem cannot be solved unless one stream value is specified. The equations have no solution — they are parallel lines. The number of unknown quantities is 3, hence a unique solution is possible. In addition three sum of mole fraction equations exist.

The problem is overspecified, and will require at least squares solution. Or look at the CH4 row. A least squares solution could be determined, or the 4 equations with the most accurate data solved. The rank of the coefficient matrix is 3 The rank of the augmented matrix is 4 Hence no unique solution exists. Basis: 2. For example, you cannot use all the flows, or all the compositions in one stream, as the resulting set of material balances will not consist of 5 independent balances, but a lesser number.

Basis: mol A d. N2: 0. The DT is the balance of each stream. Introducing the specifications and basis into the material balances: Water: 0. Unknowns: Assume all of the variables except those that are specified as zero are included in the analysis.

Consult the tables at the end of the Chapter for more suggestions. Rephrase the problem to make sure you understand it? Draw a simple diagram of what was happening? Think about what was going into the tank and what was coming out?

Imagine yourself inside the tank, and ask what was going on around you? Ask whether there were any physical laws to consider such as conservation of matter or energy? Try to imagine the answer as a number, graph, table, or whatever?

Try to identify essential variables? Choose a notation? Look for a ready-made formula for the answer? Look for simplifying assumptions? Try to find an easier version of the problem? Look for bounds simple models that would definitely underestimate or overestimate the answer? Two balances can be made, N and S. Steps 8 and 9: Solve to get N: F 0. CH4 0. Step 5: Basis: 1.

Equations: 0. It is proposed to prepare the final mixture by blending four different compounds A, B, C, D ; there will still be three equations, but now there will be four unknowns.

Since the rank is now less than n, there will be an infinite number of possible blends of the four mixtures. Not required: An optimization of a revenue function subject to the equations is needed. Redo the problem with a new composition for F: CH4 0. Two balances can be made, NH3 and gas. You can use the total balance as a substitute. PET 0. Steps g H2O 1. Na2B4O7 0. Na2B 1 Steps 1, 2, 3, 4: F1. FeC13 6H2O kg F2. FeC13 H2O. FeC13 2. H2O FeC13 is the simplest to use.

Step 5: Take as a basis g of Ba NO3 2. BaNO3 g 0. Not all will be indept balances. Mixer VM 0. Mass 1. Note that ash is a tie element to P, so that the ash balance gives 0. Choose the most accurate to use. Steps 1, 2, 3, and 4: All the known data have been placed in the figure. Solution assumes no S is in stream A and no N2 in stream B. Steps 1, 2, 3 and 4: mass fr. NH 3 mass fr. Basis: 5. In the actual reaction the corresponding ratio is 1. The Sb2S3 required to react with the limiting reactant is 4.

We can compute from the 1. Are they independent? Might be caused by round off. Check via H: 4 The conclusion is that probably no error exists in the measurements. Additional information was the molecular weights of the compounds and the chemical reaction equations.

Basis: 1 g sample d. Species balances g.